Mixing device for internal-combustion engines.



H. B. HASIAD. NIIXING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

, APPLICATION FILED JUNE26, 1911. v 1 Q79,33 I PatentedSept. 17,1918.

WITNESSES aw 659M ATTORNEY TINT HENRY B. HASTAD, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

MIXING DEVICE FOR, INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

, Specification of Letters Patent. Pg'tentqgfl Sept. 1'3, ifilifi,

' Application filed June 26, 1917. Serial No 177,086.

Be it known that I, HENRY B. HAs'rAn, a

' citizen of United States of America, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Mixing Devices for Internal-Combustion Engines,'of which the following is a'specification.

This invention rel-ates to internal combustion engines, and more especially to mixers forming part of the charge forming devices; and the object of the same is to produce an improved mixer for insertionin the upright stretch of the intake manifold pipe whereby the vaporized gaso'lene and air may-be more thoroughly mixed or commingled in their passage from the carburetor to the cylinders, without materially or appreciably impeding such passage.

This object is carried out by enlarging the capacity or bore of the manifold Where the mixer occurs, and utilizing a specific form of mixing device in duplicate all as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, and as shown in the drawings wherein I Figure 1 is an elevation of the side of an i automobile engine, showingthe same, the

manifold and the carbureter, in diagram, and illustrating my invention in vertical section.

Figs. 2 and 3 are details of different sizes of flanges as referred to hereinafter.

My invention contemplates no change in the earbureter C, the engine E, or the manifold M, the latter in the present instance be ing shown as having four branches for a four-cylinder engine as usual, and the manifold being connected with the carburetor by an upright stretch of pipe as indicated at P. In this pipe I propose to insert my mixer, and the first and primary essential is that the capacity of the mixer shall be larger than that of the pipe. If the latter be what is known as a one-inch pipe, the piping in the mixer should be one and one-quarter inch or perhaps 11} inch, or in any event it should have from sixty to seventy-five per cent. more internal area than the upright pipe P which usually connects the carbureter with the manifold. Attached to the upper end of the pipe P is a flange 1 (see Fig. 3) having a series of apertures 2 for bolts or screws 3. Supenposed upon this pipe is a short nipple i of larger diameter as seen, and the lower end of this nipple car- Y q y pies a flange 5 whose bore substantially that of the nipple, this flange also having apertures 2. At the upper end of the nipple 4: is another flange 5. Above this nipple is a second nipple 6 having a lower flange 5 bolted to that at the upper end of the nipple 4, and having an upper flange 5. The latter is bolted to a second flange 1 whose bore is again reduced so that it is of the samesize as the upper portion P of the pipe, which latter extends thence into the branch and manifold'M.

The numeral 10 designates a strainer, and the numeral 11 another similar strainer. These are preferably of brass. wire mesh, made of quite fine wire and with equally fine openings, and by preference the aggregate of the openings the same as the aggregate of the wires, or in other words the screen is fifty'per cent. open. Each screen is conical as shown, with. its point upward, and its length along its axis is about twice its diameter across its base. Said base is provided with screws or other fastening devices might be used. The parts are entirely of metal, and

' any appropriate metal may be employed, al-' though by preference I would use brass' The device may be made and applied at the time the machine is constructed, or the pipe leading from the carburetor to the manifold may be'cut and the device inserted into a machine already set up. I do-not confine myself to any particular type of carburetor or manifold, and the engine may have as mariy cylinders as desired; but prefer that this mixing device shall be inserted'in an upright, portion of the inlet manifold. I have shown no packing between the flanges which are connected by bolts, either above or below the flanges at the lower ends of the conical screens, but it is quite possible that gaskets might be employed to absolutely seal the device against leak.

A mixer of this kind interposed in an uninterrupted upright stretch of the inlet manifold possesses" many advantages First, it will almost positively prevent back-firing from any cylinder to the carburetor, because flames will not pass through so line a screen. Next,- it acts as a very thorough. mixer for the charge [lowing through the pipe, reliably breaking up any globules of the gasolene which said charge may contain. Even if the mixture is so rich that globules form after it has passed through the first screen, they are broken up by the second screen. Next, the conical shape of the screens is adopted to purposely draw the charge away from. the walls of the pipe, to which I find it has a tendency to cling and upon which it will to a greater or less extent condense. lhe charge flowing through the pipe P is under considerable speed, owing to the sue-- tion set up in the cylinders, and the insertion of any screen, baflle, or other interruption within such pipe natu ally retards such speed; therefore I have enlarged that portion of the pipe where'my mixer occurs, as by using nipples t and (3. and couplings or Ilanges 5 whose bores are larger-than that of the pipes P or P, so that the retardingetlect is overcome or oltset. Finally, I might say theoretically that the rapidly moving charge issuing from. the pipe 1 flows along the axis of the lower strainer 10 and through the mesh thereof near its apex, therefore setting up a suction in the anuw lar space around the smaller end of this strainer, which suction draws much of the mixture throughthe mesh at the base ot the cone. Beyond the point of this cone there may be said to be a jet of mixture flowing along the of the entire device and projected into he base of the upper cone It and along it .Lxis; but that part ot the mixture which was drawn through the base of the first cone and surrounds its smaller end now flows along within the nipple 4 in waves which are given a swirling or rolling action so that they enter the base of the upper cone at perhaps less speed than said jet which is projected into this cone from the apex of the lower cone. I The upper cone now repeats the action to an extent, excepting that said waves are-drawn through the walls of this upper cone with greater case than the charge was initially drawn through the walls of the lower cone, because at that time it was under greater speed in the pipe section I. Outside the smaller portion of the upper cone the now thoroughly mixed nipples than it did through the pipe sections,

1 consider this quite desirable. It is obvious that by i.cim')\'i11g-t-l1e bolts or screws 3, access to the interior may be had at any time for inspection or repair.

\Vhat is claimed as new is:--

The combination with the intake pipe of an internal combustion engine, of a seetional mixer incorporated in said pipe and culbodyiug a pluralityof units each comprisin a nipple having an uninterrupted cyliiulr'ical, bore larger than that of the pipe, flanges connecting the nipples with each other and withthe ends of the intake pipe, and a strainer for each mixer section consisting of a conical body standing within and of equal size with the bore of its nipple and having an outstanding flange at its base clamped between two of said flanges, each strainer being completely housed Within its own nipple.

In testimony whereof I atlix mysignature.

HENRY B. HASTAD. 

